Difference between Animal cell and Plant cell

Difference between Animal cell and Plant cell

The cell is the fundamental unit of life. All the life activities are carried out by cells. The organisms classified based on the number of cells present in them. Unicelliler organisms are single called. While multicelluler organisms have a large number of cells.

Unicelliler organisms are believed to be one of the earliest forms of life on earth. Eventually, more complex multicelluler organisms evolved from these unicellular life form over the aeons.Multicelluler organisms have a specialized cells with complicated cell organelles, which Unicelliler organisms typically lack.

In a ecosystem plants have the role of produces while animals have taken the role of consumers. Hence, their daily activities and functions very so do there cell structure. Cell structure and organelles very in plants and animals, and they are primarily classified based on their function. The difference in their cell composition is the reason behind the difference between plants and animal, their structure and functions.

Each cell organelle has a particular function to perform. Some of the cell organelles are present in both Plant cell and animal cell, while others are unique to just one. Most of the Earth's higher organisms are eukaryotes, including all plant and animal.Hence  cells share some similarities typically associated with eukaryotes.

Plant cell	Animal cell
A plant cell is usually larger in size	And animal cell is comparatively smaller in size
Cell Wall present in addition to plasma member and consists of middle lamellae primary and secondary wells	Cell wall absent
Plasmodesmate present	Plasmodesmate absent
Chloroplast present	Chloroplast absent
Vacuol small and permanent	Vacuol small and temporary
Tonoplast present around Vacuol	Tonoplast absent
Centrioles absent except motile cells of lower plants	Centrioles Present
Nucleus present along the periphery of the cell	Nucleus at the centre of the cell
Lysosomes are rare	Lysosomes present
The mode of nutrition is heterotrophic	The mode of nutrition is primarily autotrophic
Storage material is starch grains	Storage material is a glycogen granules

There are some similarities is between animal and plant cell like,

1. Both have a cell membrane on plasma membrane.

2. Both have ribosomes.

3. Both have endoplasmic reticulum.

4. Both possess wall defined nucleus and cytoplasm. Genetic material DNA is also surrounded by a nuclear membrane.

Animal cell definition -

An animal cell is a type of eukaryotic cell that lacks a cell wall and has a true, membrane - bound nucleus alone with other cellulam organelles.

Plant cell definition -

Plant cells are eukaryotic cells with a true nucleus alone the specialized structures called organelles that carry out certain specific functions.

Comparing animal cells and plant cells -

Plant and animal cells have many differences and each different part is vital to the role they play. They are so essential that they are considered to be the building blocks of every living things on earth - both plant and animal. Although most cells are so tiny that they can only be seen that a microscope there are some important differences between them.

Difference between Animal cell and Plant cell in Hindi

The major difference between the plant cell and animal cell are mentioned below - 

Plant cell		Animal cell
	Cell shape
Square are rectangular in shape		Irregular or round in shape
	Sell Wall
Present		Absent
	Plasma cell / membrane
Present		Present
	Endoplasmic Reticulum
Present		Present
	Nucleus
Present and lies on one side of the cell		Present and life in the Central of the cell
	Lysosomes
Present but are very rare		Present
	Centrosomes
Absent		Present
	Goli Apparatus
Present		Present
	Cytoplasm
Present		Present
	Ribosomes
Present		Present
	Plastids
Present		Absent
	Vacuoles
Few large ora single certrally positioned vacuole		Usually small and numerous
	Cilia
Absent		Present and numerous

Conclusion -

Both plant and animal cells comprise membrane bound organisms such as endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, the nucleus, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes. They also have similar membrane such as cytoskeleton elements and cytosol. The plant cell can also be larger than the animal cell. The normal range of the animal cell varies from about 10 to 30 micrometres and that of plant cell range between 10 to 100 micrometers.

Frequently asked questions - 

1. Which cell organelles are present only in Plant cell and absent in animal cell?

Ans - Plant cells have a cell wall and plastids that animal cells lack.

2. How do plant cells and animal cells differ which respected to their shape?

Ans - A plant cell has a square are rectangular shape while the animal cells have a irregular are around shape.

3. Why are plant cells generally larger in side compared to the animal cells?

Ans - Plant cells comprise a large central vacuole that occupies a majority of the volume and makes the cell larger dish vacuole is usually absent in the animal cell.

4. What is the function of vacuoles in a plant cell?

Ans - The vacuole stores waste material in a plant cell. It also maintains proper pressure in a plant cell that helps in providing proper support and structure to the growing plants.

5. Name some cell organelles present exclusively in animal cell? 

Ans - Animal cells comprise lysosomes and centrosomes that are completely absent in a plant cell.

6. Name the cell organelles responsible for providing structural support for plant cell a part from the cell wall ?

Ans - The central vacuole provides structural support to the plant cell.

7. Name the cell responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells?

Ans - Chloroplast and responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells.